When naming test methods, you can use an underscore to separate what is being tested from the specific case being tested. This style makes it easier to see exactly what cases are being tested.
For example:
testMethod_specificCase1 testMethod_specificCase2
void testIsDistinguishable_protanopia() {
ColorMatcher colorMatcher = new ColorMatcher(PROTANOPIA)
assertFalse(colorMatcher.isDistinguishable(Color.RED, Color.BLACK))
assertTrue(colorMatcher.isDistinguishable(Color.X, Color.Y))
}